[分享]运用强制切换手段定位杂音问题

aaazhi

<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 32.15pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体;">运用强制切换手段定位杂音问题</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312;"><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.1pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312;">一、【投诉现象】<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312;">13xxxxxxxxx</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312;">来电反映</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体;">：xx县xx镇电话打出打进都可以，就是通话时有杂音，听不清楚，断断续续的。<span lang="EN-US">8</span>月份xx摩托<span lang="EN-US">BSS</span>设备更换为HUAWEI<span lang="EN-US">BSS</span>设备，网络规模为：<span lang="EN-US">1BSC+127BTS+614TRX</span>（<span lang="EN-US">1</span>个<span lang="EN-US">LAC</span>区），搬迁主体工程完成后，用户投诉通话时有杂音出现。</span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312;"><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.1pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312;">二、【投诉原因分析】<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体;">杂音多由误码所致，导致误码的主要原因有：<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体;">1</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体;">、处理语音信号的单板和连线故障导致杂音，<span lang="EN-US">GSM</span>系统的话音通路为：<span lang="EN-US">MS-</span>天线－<span lang="EN-US">CDU-TRX-TMU-E1</span>（<span lang="EN-US">Abis)-BIE-GNET- GOPT-GFBI- GCTN- MSM-FTC-DTM(MSC</span>侧），以上通路任何一个环节出现问题都有可能引入杂音；<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体;">2</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体;">、空口干扰引起的无线链路误码导致杂音；<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体;">3</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体;">、时钟问题引起的滑帧或丢帧导致杂音；<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体;">4</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体;">、<span lang="EN-US">A</span>接口和<span lang="EN-US">Bbis</span>接口传输误码导致杂音。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.1pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312;">三、【投诉处理过程】<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体;">1</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体;">、由于该问题出现概率很低，相关投诉信息很少，为尽快定位问题，决定首先进行大量拨测来重现杂音，以获得定位问题的相关信息；<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体;">2</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体;">、在用户投诉区域大量拨测，确认有杂音问题存在，但概率很低，只有<span lang="EN-US">0.3%</span>左右；<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体;">3</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体;">、在用户投诉的基站进行拨测，发现杂音和占用的载频、信道无关，因为信道在载频和<span lang="EN-US">ABIS</span>口上存在固定的分配关系，可以排除是基站硬件和<span lang="EN-US">ABIS</span>口传输故障导致杂音；<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体;">4</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体;">、根据路测记录分析，当出现下行杂音时，下行电平很好，高达<span lang="EN-US">-65DBM</span>，话音质量良好，基本都在<span lang="EN-US">0</span>级，从小区性能测量话统上看，上行干扰带统计正常，可以排除是空口无线干扰引入的杂音；<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体;">5</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体;">、<span lang="EN-US">A</span>接口<span lang="EN-US">MSC</span>是中兴设备，没有用户接口跟踪功能，<span lang="EN-US">A</span>口承载很高的业务量，已无法对<span lang="EN-US">FTC</span>逐板拨测和跟踪信令，采用强制切换的办法可以不受以上因素的影响，快速定位故障；<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体;">6</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体;">、首先在HUAWEI基站下拨测，遇到杂音后迅速切换到HUAWEI另一模块下的基站，杂音依然存在，因为切换后只有<span lang="EN-US">A</span>口电路是保持，空口和<span lang="EN-US">Abis</span>电路是重建的，可以判断杂音和<span lang="EN-US">BSC</span>设备无关，是<span lang="EN-US">A</span>口以上网络引入的；<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体;">7</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体;">、在HUAWEI基站下拨测，遇到杂音后强制切换到相邻基站，杂音依然存在，由于HUAWEI<span lang="EN-US">BSC</span>和摩托<span lang="EN-US">BSC</span>共<span lang="EN-US">MSC</span>组网，切换后<span lang="EN-US">MS</span>到<span lang="EN-US">MSC</span>的电路完全是新建的，由此可以判断杂音是<span lang="EN-US">MSC</span>以上网络引入，和HUAWEI<span lang="EN-US">BSS</span>设备无关；<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体;">8</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体;">、为确认<span lang="EN-US">MSC</span>侧存在问题，在摩托的基站下进行拨测，杂音重现；</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体;">9</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体;">、与中兴维护人员取得联系，中兴<span lang="EN-US">MSC</span>人员到现场处理，最终问题得到解决。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span style="DISPLAY: none; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;; mso-hide: all;">更换基站<span lang="EN-US">TMCF</span>板后，当地网络恢复正常。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.1pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312;">四、【经验总结】<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体;">1</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体;">、在处理杂音问题时，首先通过收集投诉和拨测来确定杂音的性质、出现的范围和统计概率，对网络结构有一个清晰的认识，可以借助语音监听仪、误码议、频率计仪器，运用拨测、路测、话统、强制切换、<span lang="EN-US">MS</span>呼叫保持、信令跟踪等技术手段分析定位，如果方法措施到位，善于分析总结，往往能收到很好的效果；<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体;">2</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体;">、在处理本次杂音问题时，运用拨测到杂音后强制切换的技术手段，在不影响现有网络业务的情况下，对杂音问题定位起到了关键性的作用。</span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312;"><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312;"><p>&nbsp;</p></span></p>